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Journal 4: The 18th Century and Satire
One of the conventions of a style emerging (or re-emerging) in the 18th Century during the Age of Reason was satire. In the module, you learned about satire.  However, in the 18th Century, satire was employed as a method of ridiculing the over-sensitivity of society and the lack of decorum of politicians.
After reading excerpts from
Gulliver’s Travels
, “The Rape of the Lock,” and “A Modest Proposal,” explain your understanding of 18th Century satire.  How does it relate to the modern definition of satire?  What is being satirized in the three texts of study?  Why is satire an effective method of persuasion in these cases?

Read pages 422-423 in the textbook
Excerpt from: The Cambridge Dictionary of Philosophy by R. Audi pages 710-711 found below as part of the reading
This discussion centers around Existentialism. As you read the following excerpt and your textbook pages, think about the following: What do you think of Sartre’s ideas? Does modern day society seem to be living his ideas? Do we suffer from choosing? Do these ideas stem from any other philosophical concepts we have looked at in this course? What are your thoughts?
Reading:  “The separation of self and consciousness and the rejection of the self as simply self-consciousness provides the framework for Sartre’s greatest philosophical work, “Being and Nothingness”.
It is through the nothingness of consciousness and its activities that negation comes into the world, our ability to imagine the world other than it is and the inescapable necessity of imagining ourselves other than we seem to be. And because consciousness is nothingness, it is not subject to the rules of causality. Central to the argument of “being and nothingness”, and Sartre’s insistence on the primacy of human freedom is his insistence that consciousness cannot be understood in causal terms. It is always self-determining and as such, “it always is what it is not, and is not what it is”- a playful paradox that refers to the fact that we are always in the process of choosing. Consciousness is “nothing” but the self is always on its way to being something”.

Chapter Four offers readers a glimpse into Bryan Stevenson’s early days as a defense
attorney for Death Row inmates. From his struggles to get funded to the emotional toll
of Death Row, readers are able to understand the toll impending death can take on
humans. In the box below, list Bryan’s response to his first execution and that of
Herbert, the condemned man.
Bryan
Herbert
While reading chapter four, what is your emotional response to Bryan and Herbert’s
experience as he is headed to the electric chair? Are you surprised by your response?
Is capital punishment the only option the justice system has to deal with criminals?
If not capital punishment, then what?
1. What goal do Bryan and Eva Ansley achieve in 1989? What is the goal for this nonprofit? What
does this group eventually become named?
_________________________________
_________________________________
2. In the case of Michael Lindsey, his lawyer says in a letter, “I generally favor the death penalty
because mad dogs out to die.”. Explain what David Bagwell means when he says this.
_________________________________
3. Why are these words so incredibly damning for attorney-client relationships? Compare this to
Bryan Stevenson’s actions with his clients.
_________________________________
_________________________________
4. What statistic about combat veterans is revealed in this chapter? Why do you think this
statistic so disturbing?
_________________________________
_________________________________
5. One thing that disturbed Bryan the most about Herbert’s execution was the fact that it was
only on the day of his death that everyone wanted to be helpful, but what does he reveal
about Herbert’s past and help?
_________________________________
_________________________________
6. “Believing in capital punishment was one thing, but the realities of systematically killing someone who
is not a threat are completely different.” Explain what Bryan means when he says this.

Question 1
Yekaterina is using _____ in her speech when she spells out the points of similarity by saying, “In Ecuador, as in neighboring Colombia and Peru . . .”
Question 1 options:
?      A) deductive reasoning
?      B) inductive reasoning
?      C) causal reasoning
?      D) reasoning by analogy
Question 2
Speakers should not be reluctant to provide information about their qualifications in their speech.
Question 2 options:
?      A) True
?      B) False
Question 3
It is important to provide the audience with a “big picture” sense of the entire speech before giving details.
Question 3 options:
?      A) True
?      B) False
Question 4
“This is a very important point” is an example of _____.
Question 4 options:
?      A) an emphasis cue
?      B) an introduction
?      C) enumeration
?      D) an attention getter
?      E) a signpost
Question 5
Natália is using ___ in her speech when she says, “In state after state where spending on education went up, crime went down.”
Question 5 options:
?      A) deductive reasoning
?      B) inductive reasoning
?      C) causal reasoning
?      D) reasoning by analogy
Question 6
Which of the following is not a way to make information more easily understood?
Question 6 options:
?      A) Avoid information overload
?      B) Move from the familiar to the unfamiliar
?      C) Provide a conceptual framework
?      D) Use singular channels and modes
?      E) Move from the simple to the complex
Question 7
Which of the following does not serve as an organizer to enhance comprehension?
Question 7 options:
?      A) Acronyms
?      B) Examples
?      C) Analogies
?      D) Extended exposition
?      E) Slogans and catchwords
Question 8
Effective delivery during your speech can increase your credibility.
Question 8 options:
?      A) True
?      B) False
Question 9
According to Chow and Amir’s research on the universality of values, a striver values all of the following except _____.
Question 9 options:
?      A) power
?      B) excitement
?      C) ambition
?      D) health and fitness
?      E) public image
Question 10
A speaker who does not acknowledge the limitations of her data and opinions lacks which dimension of credibility?
Question 10 options:
?      A) Dynamism
?      B) Competence
?      C) Trustworthiness
?      D) Likeability
?      E) Concern

Award-winning author Sonia Nazario is best known for her Pulitzer Prize-winning biography Enrique’s Journey. The book brings to life the very real and dangerous journey of a Honduran boy fleeing his home in hopes of finding his mother in America. In addition to the biography, Nazario has written countless articles informing readers of the dangers children like Enrique face. While the biography and the articles serve the same purpose and present the same ideas, they do so in different ways. You will be comparing and contrasting how Nazario informs her audience through a biography and an editorial. You may access the editorial here and the biography here.
Write a comparative essay in which you compare and contrast the way Sonia Nazario presents similar ideas in a biography and an editorial. Support your comparison with well-chosen, relevant, and sufficient evidence from both texts. Apply MLA guidelines to properly cite the evidence used in your essay. Be sure your essay uses formal and objective language.

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Analyzing Characters in
A Good Place for Maggie
This activity will help you meet this educational goal:
Analyze how authors develop complex characters, including archetypes, over the course of a text.
Directions
Read the instructions for this self-checked activity. Submit a response to each question, and check the answers.
Activity
Now, you’ll analyze how the author develops the main character in an excerpt from Ofelia Dumas Lachtman’s novel
A Good Place for Maggie
. First, you’ll identify details that develop Maggie’s character and make inferences based on these details. Next, you’ll analyze how the author develops Maggie’s character. Finally, you’ll analyze how authors use character archetypes in different narratives.
Begin by reading the excerpt.
A Good Place for Maggie
by Ofelia Dumas Lachtman (excerpt)
“ACCIDENT AT GREENSTON NUCLEAR PLANT, No Danger to Community, Officials Say.”
Every time that headline from yesterday’s Los Angeles News flashed into her mind, Margarita—Maggie—Cruz gripped the steering wheel of her VW more tightly and assured herself that she was doing the right thing. It wasn’t as if she were in danger from the Greenston plant in the desert hundreds of miles away, but those headlines had been the convincing factor in her decision. Yes, it was the right thing to do, and hour after hour as she drove north of Los Angeles, she had felt more and more competent and more secure. Until now.
For the last hour she had been so intent on the changing countryside that she forgot to buy gas. The gauge said empty. She drove on, dreading the moment when the motor would draw on the last drop of gasoline and give up. She was driving on a narrow country road lined with tall eucalyptus trees and nothing else. Then in a clearing on the left side of the road, she saw a battered old sign with faded red letters: G-A-S. No, it wasn’t a mirage; it was more like a miracle. With a grateful sigh she turned into the run-down station, bumping over broken concrete and coming to a stop by one of two pumps.
A weary-looking old man in grease-spotted overalls appeared beside her. “Fill ‘er up?”
“Is it cheaper if I pump it myself?” It didn’t look as if he’d take a credit card and she was low on cash.
“All the same here, missy,” the man called, rounding the car. “Fill ‘er up?”
Maggie said yes, please go ahead, and climbed out of the blue VW. Good thing I didn’t splurge on lunch, she thought, staring at the pumps. Gas is almost twice as high up here as it is in Los Angeles. But I’m not complaining. When she had driven mile after mile without finding a gas station, she had begun to think that maybe being sixteen and a half didn’t make her that smart; maybe a trip like this was a little much for her. Now she felt better. She stretched and thought, Dad would be proud of me. I’m doing what is right for me. Oh, I’ll miss my friends, especially Mim and Lorena. I’ll even miss Ryan. I wonder if he was really going to ask me to the TGI June bash? Well, that’s history. Now is now.
The old man brought her change and said, “Where you headin’?”
“I’m going to Twisted Creek,” she said in as offhand an adult manner as she could muster.
Twisted Creek
? Are you sure?
Her shoulders fell. “Isn’t this the right road?”
The man grunted. “Right road, all right. But no place for a young one like you to be going.” He circled the Honda. “Car in pretty good shape?”
Maggie stiffened. The Bluebird’s an absolutely great car. Dad said it was in super condition when he gave it to me. “Of course, it’s in good shape.”
The gas station attendant kicked a couple of tires. “Guess it’ll make it,” he said. “But last I heard that road was bad. Watch yourself.”
The old man’s words stayed with her as she drove up into the mountains. She began to feel shaky. This was the first time she had driven outside of Los Angeles. Still, last night she had poured over maps and written everything down; she knew exactly where she was going. So far, everything had been all right.
Even getting away from home this morning hadn’t been too bad. It was spring vacation, and her mom and stepfather were away on business. The only person she had to explain to was the neighbor woman who looked in on her. The hard part had been figuring what to say to her mother. She had sat staring at a blank sheet of paper for a long time.
She knew what she wanted to write: “Dear Mother, It was bad enough after the divorce, being without Dad, I mean. After a couple of years I got used to seeing him mostly on weekends, but now it’s worse. Because he’s dead. Three whole months and I still can’t believe it. Maybe you can’t help being away so much, but with both of you gone it’s awfully lonely. Sure, there’s been school, and I did have dinner at Mim’s house and a move with Lorena on Saturday. But the good things are missing. Dad. Dad. Dad. I don’t feel that I’m part of a family anymore. Jase is a good enough stepfather, but I told you both how I felt about that condo in downtown L.A. and you guys went ahead and bought it. It’s a terrible place. All there is to breathe inside is processed air and outside, car exhaust. My vote doesn’t count, does it, Mom?”
That’s what she wanted to say, but didn’t. “Mom,” she finally wrote, “I’ve gone to Twisted Creek.
Papacito
said he’d be there if I needed him. He won’t mind. After all, he is my only living grandparent. I’ll drive carefully, I promise. Please, please don’t be mad at me.” Then she had shoved two more sweaters into her suitcase, picked up her paint box and favorite brushes, and left. Once she was out of the city traffic, she had relaxed. But now . . .
Part A
In the table provided, identify two or three details in the text that develop Maggie’s character. Then explain what you can infer about Maggie’s character from these details.
Details that Develop Maggie’s Character
Inferences about Maggie Based on the Details

Dental Hygiene
Dental hygiene refers to the practice of keeping the mouth, teeth, and gums clean and healthy to prevent disease. Dental hygiene and oral health are often taken for granted but are essential parts of our everyday lives. What are the Dental Hygienist’s Duties? Perform oral healthcare and risk assessments that include the review of patients’ health history, taking and recording blood pressure, dental and periodontal charting, oral cancer screening and evaluation of oral disease/health etc…Dental Hygiene are licensed oral health professionals who focus on preventing and treating oral diseases-both to protect teeth and gums, and also to protect patients’ total health. Dental hygienists must also use several tools as part of their job. This includes hand, power, and ultrasonic tools for cleaning and polishing teeth, and x-ray machines for taking patient x-rays to check for issues with teeth and jaws. They may also use lasers.
In the research, it is important that when selecting the dental hygiene information career a dental hygienist probably has one of the most interesting and flexible jobs. Not only is this career interesting and flexible, but it is also very helpful towards others and usually pays pretty well too. Many people become dental hygienists because of the easy education requirements and high demand for their jobs. These days, dental hygienists are more respected and being hired more rapidly due to the fact that more and more people are keeping and taking better care of their teeth.
I will use this information in my life because dental hygiene was right choice for me and Dental hygienists also have the important job of educating patients on proper oral hygiene and care. Another thing this research project changed the way I feel about my future that is important for me to find out is how many years of study it takes to become a dentist. I want to know where the best schools are located for my area in this field of study. I am prepared to work on a lot of research to make sure I reach my goal Although it is difficult to become a dentist, I will work hard towards my goals. I plan on studying very hard. I will also educate myself on what opportunities are available so that I am prepared to work towards them as best I can. My focus right now is to keep school and work as my number one priority. My motivation will come from my personal goals and from my family. Dental hygiene is the ideal career for me, and this is my chosen path. The combination of a team-oriented environment, helping patient’s oral health, and flexible hours is what has taken me down this path.
Dental hypothesis exists to provide the dental community with a forum for free thought and the expression of non-mainstream ideas. It is hoped that the thought provoking ideas expressed in this open access journal will lead to progress in both the scientific and clinical arenas. Job satisfaction is one of the reasons why a dental hygienist career ranks as a top job is because of the career satisfaction. Hygienists are paid well, have a relatively low-stress level compared to other types of healthcare jobs, earn a competitive salary, and enjoy the benefit of knowing they’re helping others enjoy a better quality of life. For the future, I plan on finishing up my prerequisites and hopefully getting in the dental program. After finishing the dental program I plan to get a job as a dental hygienist. If I love it I will keep pursuing this; however, if I do not, I will then branch off and either be a representative or even teach some sort of science. This research helped me and got me so inspired to go down the career path that I have chosen.
In conclusion, The best description of a dental hygiene is a professional whose main job is to teach their patients necessary oral hygiene skills and provide great dental care. They perform various tasks around a dentist’s office such as applying fluoride treatments, removing plaque and stains, taking x-rays, removing sutures, placing temporary fillings, and evaluating the patient’s overall health. Dental hygienists do not just work in a dental office, but they also can work at schools, nursing homes, health clinics, and many other dental settings. Dental hygienists do not only have jobs that have a great salary and have more flexible hours than almost any other career out there, but they also have a job that helps people too. If one was to become a dental hygienist, at the end of the day they would be a lot more proud of this than anything else. There are a lot of advantages to becoming a dental that I really love about this career. Become a dental is something that I really want, because it can give me a lot of opportunities that I really want to have in a career.
1. Does the paper start with a short recap of the research topic question? Copy and paste the restatement sentence here. Explain why it is strong or weak and suggest ideas for improvement.
2. Does the student explain why this research is important in his/her life and how he/she is going to apply the research findings? Copy and paste the explanation section here. Explain why it is strong or weak and suggest ideas for improvement.
3. Is the hypothesis restated at the end of the paper? Does the student say the hypothesis was right or wrong? Copy and paste the hypothesis here. Explain why it is strong or weak and suggest ideas for improvement.
4. Does the paper pick up the story from the beginning and apply it to the conclusion? Is it done in a seamless and engaging way? Is it free of redundancy?
5. Does the paper use the first person “I” and has no citations?

Consider the following examples of irony. Classify each as verbal, dramatic, or situational and think about the purpose of each example.
Danforth says “I judge nothing” in response to the evidence that Proctor plows on Sunday.
Elizabeth Proctor, an honest woman, lies after Proctor has already confessed.
Proctor screams at the end: “I say God is dead…I hear the boot of Lucifer, I see his filthy face. And it is my face, and yours, Danforth…”
Readers know the girls are faking it when Danforth and the courts believe their act.
Finally, summarize the purpose of irony in this act of the play. Why did Miller include so much irony? Explain.
The crucible learning stations